Both steel types don't chip easily, but 14c28n steel is easier to sharpen. and corrosion resistance than the 420HC steel. For instance, if a 35 edge in 1095 steel at 58 Rc provides appropriate toughness for planing hardwood, what edge angle in, say, AEB-L at 62 Rc might give us a comparable effective toughness? However, Kershaw asked Sandvik to make their 13C26 steel more resistant to corrosion, and the result was 14C28N. Low Alloy tool steels have small alloy additions to increase hardenability so they harden more easily in oil rather than water. Sorry about the misinformation. Maxamet and Rex 121 are so extreme in terms of wear resistance and edge retention that I rated them higher than 10 because otherwise it throws off the ratings for everything else. whats even more disturbing is that cvn and fracture toughness sometimes (often?) It is an excellent steel that in the right hands has proven to produce high performing blades. The Sandvik 14c28n steel is ideal for the manufacturing of steel knife blades. There are significant differences between them because 14C28N is stainless steel, while D2 steel is a semi-stainless tool steel. I especially appreciate the geometry/edge retention/toughness comparison with photos. 1095 stains easily and thus is often coated, especially in fixed blades. Let's compare 14c28n steel with other steels, and for this, I use four criteria; Edge Retention, Corrosion resistance, Ease of Sharpness, and Toughness and on a scale of 1-10 (10 being the highest) let's see the performance of each steel. 8Cr13MoV is comparable to the Japanese AUS-8 but containing slightly higher carbon content. drop point This is a virtually stain-proof steel suitable for all sorts of aquatic environments. Hammering through hickory, digging at roots in sandy soil, and cutting around bone did nothing to chip, dent, or roll the edge of my 3V knives. H2 D2 steel Thanks Larrin, Sorry, most of my previous comment was borderline word salad. Theres a green triangle at about RC 60.5 and toughness over 40. There are a few aspects to your question, I think. So youre right that a D2 blade will cut more CATRA cards than an AEB-L blade *when theyre both sharpened to the same angle* but AEB-L has much better toughness and can therefore handle being sharpened to a more acute angle without chipping, and a more acute angle is more important to continuing cutting ability than wear resistance is. Some steels are cooked up specifically with this in mind and are very difficult to make rust. Socould you please clarify which steel is the outlier and which is the line>. Stainless steels are another subset of high alloy tool steels that have enough chromium in them to have stainless levels of corrosion resistance. So you can estimate how much a change in hardness would affect edge retention by following the slope of those lines. Used in knives since at least World War II, 1095 performance varies considerably with an abundance of tweaks in the recipe and heat treat. Also many hardwoods will dull planer blades just because theyre more dense. High Alloy Tool Steel and High Speed Steel Ratings. its like with cars, most of them are not a corvette or a porsche. Developed by New Jersey Steel Baron, Nitro V is a non-powder steel marketed as an enhanced version of AEB-L. Nitro V, as its name indicates, adds nitrogen to AEB-Ls formula to make the steel even more corrosion-resistant. Thats a little too far, but you get the point.). 14c28n vs. D2 Steel D2 is as rigid as 14c28n, thus has almost equal edge retention abilities. Its an update of its 12C27 and 13C26 steels, which were developed for use in shaving razors. Great for tensile strength and Edge retention. Knife steel nerds have a great write up on 14c28n nik_was 2 yr. ago The big names in powder metallurgy are Crucible (CPM- steels), Carpenter (CTS- steels), Bohler Microclean (M390), and Uddeholm Superclean (Elmax, Vanax). This is one of the fundamental tradeoffs in steel. These properties make steel a good choice for making kitchen, fishing, and everyday knives. Edge retention is the ability of a knife to maintain cutting ability during cutting. How long sharpen? Ive seen more talk and some articles regarding the use of AI to come up with new potential drug molecules, polymeric materials, etc. The 25 dps sharpened knife saw almost no edge damage with 2 ft-lbs while a 15 dps edge saw a significant chip with only 0.3 ft-lbs and catastrophic chipping with 1.4 ft-lbs. I have a Winkler Knives Recon model in 5160 steel and even though the knife model is ok, the steel is shit. Choose a factor below to start sorting. CRKT and Spyderco use BD1. Would love to see where S7 sits on the Corrosion/Edge/Toughness meter. Mid-Range Steels 154CM D2 N690 VG-10 CTS BD1N 14C28N A2 1095 O1 H1 Budget Steels 440C CTS-BD1 440A 420 8Cr13MoV AUS-8 The Steels Should you continue to scroll further, you may find yourself lost in a seemingly endless list of knife steel wealth and knowledge. Non-stainless steels can be heat treated to 66 Rc or even higher depending on the particular steel. The greatest living knifemaker and one of the greatest knifemakers of all time, Michael Walker, calls AEB-L one of his favorite steels. Spyderco and Cold Steel have used it, though Cold Steel recently switched to S35VN due to availability concerns. Monday-Friday VG-1 is a non-powder steel made by Japanese specialty steelmaker Takefu. Powder metallurgy is a technology designed to maintain a small carbide size. No idea. This was described in this article on Vanax heat treating. Im a layman trying to understand what makes the best steel for my use. im led to believe tha the melting procedure is more important with these steels than the exact composition. On the other hand small but mighty, the pocket knife provides both in professional performance and in arresting good looks. Finally, in this 14c28n vs d2, we hope you get the right one. Its tough, but thats about it. Steel with high wear resistance is more costly to manufacture, as the knife company goes through more abrasives to grind the knives. This is a non-powder Japanese steel used primarily in Spyderco knives. What is pulling that line high and to the right? 1) the cvn number is just that, a number. It rusts like nothing Ive seen before and it dull just by looking at it. In real life, would you expect any presumed increase in deviation from the specified formula, as well as the effects of said deviation, to negatively impact the performance of 8Cr13MoV to any truly noticeable degree? Been here before? 14C28N steel also has excellent wear resistance due to its high chromium content. Another common heat treating choice that is not even categorized as a mistake is tempering in the high temperature regime (~1000F) rather than the low temperature regime (~400F). This steel, as the name implies has a professional styling to it. Most edge retention tests isolate wear resistance or how long it takes abrasives to dull your edge in whatever youre cutting. On the positive side, they are very easy to forge and grind. The hardness level of steel is determined using a universal scale called the "Rockwell C Test", commonly called the Rockwell hardness scale (HRC). SPY27 Id like to quote some of your toughness, edge retention and corrosion resistance for balanced midfield steels, including yours, in some data tables. In my experience, it will tarnish and discolor quickly. S35VN The only thing putting me off immediately buying the p135 is the 14c28n steel. are after the ratings. Fine-carbide knife steels. Each of these contributes to a knifes overall performance. Therefore I will be showing the ratings of the steels graphically in terms of toughness-edge retention balance, where steels that are high and to the right have the best combination, and you choose the steel based on the level of toughness or edge retention necessary for the knife. I guess the question is whether toughness increases faster than edge retention decreases. AEB-L is rarely found on production knives but can be found on custom knives easily. . compare different heat treats of the same component, it lacks a theoretical foundation and its not clear how to relate it to the real world. However, many kinds of wood are REALLY tough and very hard on blades. Another important caveat before we get to the ratings are that these are for the steel only. However, Kershaw asked Sandvik to make their 13C26 steel more resistant to corrosion, and the result was 14C28N. We should be suspicious of anyone who is claiming very high edge retention with a steel at low hardness and a small amount of carbide. For this perfect size that for most tasks and the slim tip allows the knife to excel at piercing and detail work. AEB-L is a non-powder steel produced by Swedish steelmaker Uddeholm. 14c28n has less carbon and chromium as compared to 9Cr steel. Thank you. For example, Bohler M390, CTS-204P, and CPM-20CV are all nearly identical and indistinguishable in practice. While higher hardness does lead to improved edge retention the bigger reason to have higher hardness is for resisting edge deformation. A few steels have been added since such as MagnaCut and M398. I have a couple questions, not directly related to this specific post, that I wanted to ask publically so that others could find your responses as well, so here seemed as good a place as any. I would love to see a Tungsten-Carbide blade (like Sandrin is using) and how it compares for Edge Retention, Toughness and Corrosion Resistance especially how it compares to s90v. Diamond and CBN stones make sharpening those steels easier. The best steels with balanced properties include 4V/Vanadis4E, CPM-CruWear, and CPM-M4. Hi Larrin Youve occasionally mentioned cryo treatment in your posts, including here with LC200N. Although it should be noted that there doesnt seem to be a need for the stainlessness on a wood working tool. However, to choose the best knife for you must consider all the properties, including toughness, edge retention, corrosion resistance, and ease of sharpening. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Here, we will discuss edge retention, toughness, ease of sharpening, and corrosion resistance. It should get an ultra-sharp edge for easy cutting, hold the edge for long for easy maintenance, and have a sturdy and ergonomic handle for comfort and to prevent accidents. Corrosion Resistance: D2 steel has a higher chromium content than 8Cr13MoV, which makes it better at resisting corrosion and wear. I would suggest adding a second axis to the ratings charts that show the data values that the 0-10 ratings are based on (unnotched charpy impact energy, 1% saltwater , Total cards cut, etc.). Cold Steel still uses VG-1 on some knives, and, for the money, it does well. I was wondering if the 14c28n sample was also prequenched like the AEB-L toughness samples? I wont go into detail about those here. 14C28N is stainless steel, and its knives offer excellent rust resistance and toughness than D2 steel. The claim is that they align the blades edge, pushing any slightly rolled over bits back into place and thus preserving the cutting ability of the knife for longer. There is buzz out there but I havent seen anything solid yet in the world of steel. Theyll be fully attributed to you with website and Patreon links, obviously. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Read more. Steel high in carbides cant be stamped out; it must be cut by a waterjet or laser, which takes time and is more expensive. I have a question about the chart There are a few other complicating factors such as carbon in solution and plate martensite, especially in low alloy steels such as described in this article. Mostly it has been presented piecemeal with all of the studies that we have done on optimizing heat treatments of different steels like CPM-CruWear, AEB-L, 52100, etc. Time and use have proven this to be quite accurate. Like 154CM, its a good compromise between all three steel attributes. And Mn and Si isnt shown at all for the high alloy steels, even though those elements are added to all of them. XHP is an exceptionally well-balanced steel with excellent all-around attributes. This is the basis on which I do the ratings rather than a linear scale. Working closely with our factory the heat treating of this steel has been perfected resulting in excellent performance for the price. Oftentimes steels that are reported to be difficult to sharpen are in fact improperly heat treated and challenging to deburr. Read more. Corrosion is not just about cosmetics and rusting, however, but can also affect edge performance. Now that is power planer blades, but the principle stands, less carbon and alloy isnt the best for wood working and Id use a steel like 26C3 (1.25% C .30%Cr) for my hand tools and temper them to around 62 hard and use the best angle for wood shaving, not the best angle for cutting rope. . So, its hard steel is easy to sharpen. 14C28N and D2 steel are not the same. Privacy Policy. The brand Bark River uses A2 in many models. In general, higher carbon and higher vanadium steels have higher wear resistance and edge retention but lower toughness. However, I would argue that pure material removal is usually not the limiting step for ease in sharpening. And steels with at least 10% chromium are probably stainless, except for several important exceptions like D2 and ZDP-189. This is a non-powder steel produced by American steel company Carpenter. These steels favor edge retention over all else. Thanks! As to a difference between 8.6 and 8.5, all of the ratings here are rounded to the nearest 0.5 because better than that probably shows false precision. But in use, Ive found nothing that withstands the abuse that 3V can take. Tough steel can handle impacts without gross chipping or a tip breaking off. 52100 and CruForgeV are good for general purpose knives. A quick check shows the compositions of these steels are nearly identical, so based on that Id expect them to perform similarly (differences in heat treat and blade geometry aside). I have an article that lists off the major mistakes often made in heat treating. You can see micrographs of different knife steels to compare their carbides in this article. Steels that can be high in edge retention and toughness are desirable for general use knives. This can turn the ultra corrosion resistant LC200N or Vanax into a normal stainless steel that will rust with only 1% saltwater. Less expensive, conventionally produced steels include VG-10, D2, 154CM, N690, and 440C. But I think it would have much higher toughness than any of the steels on the chart. i understand the samples were treated in the same way. . Furthermore, because of its ultrahigh hardness, Maxamet is very prone to corrosion, probably worse than 1095. Even people that are aware of your work still do knife rankings and pass them off as steel rankings. Plus the charts get messier, and I dont always have data for a wide range of hardness values. Distilled water can separate steels that are stainless vs those that are not. The 14C28N stainless steel from Swedish manufacturer Sandvik is considered an upgrade to their 13C26 steel (described below). There has been some internet controversy over the grinding and heat treat of this steel. Vanax and LC200N are unique in reaching 59-60 Rc while being very stain resistant. Steel ratings are not about ranking steels in terms of what is better than another, but understanding the different balances such as toughness vs edge retention. I will be focusing on CATRA edge retention which measures abrasive wear of knives. 14c28n steel would be a great pick thanks to its high retention and corrosion, it would be great for a normal EDC knife.
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