what sites should be avoided when performing venipuncture quizlet what sites should be avoided when performing venipuncture quizlet

\u00a9 2023 wikiHow, Inc. All rights reserved. catheter size for the vein, or prolonged use of the same I.V. As a countermeasure, phlebotomists anchor the vein with their hand to stabilize it for the draw. Failure to do this results in an unequal blood-to-additive ratio, making the specimen unsuitable for analysis. As a countermeasure, phlebotomists. All of the following are common types of equipment used for venipuncture EXCEPT: The rubber stoppers are color coded according to the additive that the tube contains. Promptly send the specimens with the requisition to the laboratory. Two forms of active identification are required. Filter paper should touch only the blood and not the heel or finger. Adapted from Phlebotomy for Nurses and. Green Is the seating comfortable and has the patient been seated for at least 5 minutes to avoid being rushed or confused? For an inpatient the nursing staff can be contacted to aid in identification prior to proceeding. Cap, rotate and invert the collection device to mix the blood collected. However, drawing blood from the hand is affiliated with higher levels of pain and less control. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. 9. Venipuncture can also happen when patients have intravenous (IV) lines started. The recommended location for blood collection on a newborn baby or infant is the heel. Gloves are to be worn during all blood collection procedures, and changed betweenpatient collections. For example, Google offers SafeSearch that can block explicit search results like porn, and it works for all image and video searches, as well as news and general search content. Compared to the standard blood donation which is about sixteen ounces, one ounce is really small. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. Venipuncture requires good skills in order to perform the procedure not only correctly, but also painlessly. Apply an adhesive bandage. Do not use excessive pressure or heavy massaging because the blood may become diluted with tissue fluid. } The puncture should be made perpendicular to the ridges of the fingerprint so that the drop of blood does not run down the ridges. 7. Never leave a tourniquet on for more than two minutes. 2. In most of these cases, the skin on the hand is pierced and a vein is accessed so medications or fluids can be given intravenously. IV lines are very useful in hospitals because some patients require frequent blood tests. In the case of an accidental stick, immediately wash the area with an antibacterial soap,express blood from the wound, and contact your supervisor. Cleanse the fingertip of the 3rd (middle) or 4th (ring) finger with an alcohol prep. A. just prior to needle insertion If the patient is sitting in a phlebotomy chair, make sure they are sitting upright with their back against the chair. IF AN INCOMPLETE COLLECTION OR NO BLOOD IS OBTAINED: Change the position of the needle. A. standards Stop the procedure if a hematoma occurs. 23-gauge needles (e.g. Hard and dense structures may be nerves or tendons. Northfield, IL: College of American, NCCLS. For a detailed breakdown of each step of the venipuncture test scroll down. C. Iodine Such terms as "needs to," "must," "require" and "should" are used to explain how medical professionals should perform capillary blood collection procedures. 6. In some cases, a phlebotomist may have to switch sites if they find the blood is not properly flowing from the vein. Approach the patient in a friendly, calm manner. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. The infograph below provides a detailed description of the venipuncture steps as found in our how to draw blood resource. 7. B. just after needle insertion, but prior to vacutainer activation Diurnal variations associated with some blood components are: Wipe away the first drop of blood with a sterile 22 gauze. Elderly patients often have fragile skin and veins that roll quite easily, When a vein rolls, the needle tends to push the vein aside rather than penetrating through. If using a syringe, make sure the needle is fitted securely on a syringe to avoid frothing. Warm the heel from which blood is to be obtained. Kiechle FL. Preanalytical phase of the testing process begins for the laboratory when a: Test is ordered by a patient's physician. Deliver specimens promptly to the laboratory. Phlebotomy Essentials 5th Edition Chapter 9. A needle is then gently inserted into the vein. Hold a gauze pad over the puncture site for a couple of, minutes to stop the bleeding, and then tie gauze around the foot. Previous puncture sites should be avoided. When would you use a butterfly/infustion set? Look at the dorsum of the hand as a last resort. Using a sterile lancet, make a skin puncture just off the center of the finger pad. Patient care following completion of venipuncture. (b) How would you prepare tetracaine from p-nitrobenzoic acid? Larger tube sizes typically provide for collection of samples from 6 to 10 mL. ROUTINE CAPILLARY PUNCTURE BLOOD COLLECTION GUIDELINES. Safely discard potentially infectious materials. The dorsal venous network is the next most common vein site for phlebotomists. Edematous extremities - tissue fluid accumulation alters test results. 3. Allow filter paper to air dry for two (2) hours at room temperature. What should you do with a CBC or lavender top tube before putting them down? Check the requisition form for requested tests, patient information, and any special requirements. Sites that should be avoided include areas with extensive scarring, healed burns, inflamed sites, edematous sites, previous puncture sites, earlobes and thumbs. Other Factors: Age, gender, and pregnancy have an influence on laboratory testing. Areas of the body that look infected, scarred, or burned must also be avoided. Lippi G, Blanckaert N, Bonini P, Green S, Kitchen S, Palicka V, Vassault AJ, Mattiuzzi C, Plebani M. Causes, consequences, detection, and prevention of identification errors in laboratory diagnostics. D. Both A and B, A sharps container is identified by its bright ____ color A. EMLA How far above a venipuncture sight should you place a tourniquet? A lab coat or gown must be worn during blood collection procedures. 4. 1. Avoid excessive pressure that may squeeze tissue fluid into the, mix the blood. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, United States Department of Labor. When finished, clean the site and apply pressure with clean gauze to stop the bleeding. apply pressure for at least 10 minutes. 8. Sign up for wikiHow's weekly email newsletter. 6. When multiple vials of blood are collected it can seem like a large amount. Concentrations of fluids and medications could affect baseline test results. 1. The median cubital vein is used the most for its accessibility. Hemolysis may occur, with pseudohyperkalemia. Anxiety that results in hyperventilation may cause acid-base imbalances, and increased lactate. Allow it to air, Grasp the finger, and using a sterile lancet, press firmly against the finger. (See, The chlorhexidine is a concern for the premature babies in NICU as it can, be absorbed through the skin. Step 3: Venipuncture. 2009;47(2):143-53. Let's take a quick, high-level look at the venipuncture procedure. Tetracaine is a substance used as a spinal anesthetic. and "What is your date of birth?". Puncture only the uppermost wall of the vein, Remove the tourniquet before removing the needle, Make sure the needle fully penetrates the upper most wall of the vein. (a) the electric power required. 11. 5. Have the patient make a fist and flex the arm, which helps engorge muscles to fill veins. Date, time and initials of the phlebotomist must be on the label of EACH tube. This complication of peripheral I.V. Follow the procedure as outlined above for greeting and identifying the patient. 5. BD Eclipse black-capped) have a smaller diameter and may be more suitable for smaller veins. Have the patient drink fluids if dehydrated. Needle disposal unit - needles should NEVER be broken, bent, or recapped. Performing a venipuncture on a child under one year of age . Avoid excessive probing ("fishing"). This information must be given when requesting microbiology, cytology, fluid analysis, or other testing where analysis and reporting is site specific. Notify your supervisor or patientsphysician if unsuccessful. In this elbow pit, phlebotomists have easy access to the top three vein sites used in phlebotomy: The median cubital vein, also known as the antecubital vein, is the most common vein for phlebotomy. The median cubital creates less bruising and pain than other draw sites. If there is a concern regarding contamination by tissue fluids or thromboplastins, then one may draw a non-additive tube first, and then the light blue top tube. Use a smaller tube with less vacuum. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. Stop the procedure and remove the needle if: Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 43,712 times. Foot veins are a last resort because of the higher probability of complications. A scooping motion to collect blood and strong repetitive pressure (milking) MUST be avoided, as both procedures may result in hemolysis or tissue-fluid contamination fo the specimen. Do not use a previous puncture site. Using the smallest acceptable needle size can help reduce the risk of bleeding or hematoma . This image may not be used by other entities without the express written consent of wikiHow, Inc.
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